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ITS-90 Table for type S thermocouple
°C 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10
Thermoelectric Voltage in mV
-50 -0.236
-40 -0.194 -0.199 -0.203 -0.207 -0.211 -0.215 -0.219 -0.224 -0.228 -0.232 -0.236
-30 -0.150 -0.155 -0.159 -0.164 -0.168 -0.173 -0.177 -0.181 -0.186 -0.190 -0.194
-20 -0.103 -0.108 -0.113 -0.117 -0.122 -0.127 -0.132 -0.136 -0.141 -0.146 -0.150
-10 -0.053 -0.058 -0.063 -0.068 -0.073 -0.078 -0.083 -0.088 -0.093 -0.098 -0.103
0 0.000 -0.005 -0.011 -0.016 -0.021 -0.027 -0.032 -0.037 -0.042 -0.048 -0.053
°C 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10
ITS-90 Table for type S thermocouple
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thermoelectric Voltage in mV
0 0.000 0.005 0.011 0.016 0.022 0.027 0.033 0.038 0.044 0.050 0.055
10 0.055 0.061 0.067 0.072 0.078 0.084 0.090 0.095 0.101 0.107 0.113
20 0.113 0.119 0.125 0.131 0.137 0.143 0.149 0.155 0.161 0.167 0.173
30 0.173 0.179 0.185 0.191 0.197 0.204 0.210 0.216 0.222 0.229 0.235
40 0.235 0.241 0.248 0.254 0.260 0.267 0.273 0.280 0.286 0.292 0.299
50 0.299 0.305 0.312 0.319 0.325 0.332 0.338 0.345 0.352 0.358 0.365
60 0.365 0.372 0.378 0.385 0.392 0.399 0.405 0.412 0.419 0.426 0.433
70 0.433 0.440 0.446 0.453 0.460 0.467 0.474 0.481 0.488 0.495 0.502
80 0.502 0.509 0.516 0.523 0.530 0.538 0.545 0.552 0.559 0.566 0.573
90 0.573 0.580 0.588 0.595 0.602 0.609 0.617 0.624 0.631 0.639 0.646
100 0.646 0.653 0.661 0.668 0.675 0.683 0.690 0.698 0.705 0.713 0.720
110 0.720 0.727 0.735 0.743 0.750 0.758 0.765 0.773 0.780 0.788 0.795
120 0.795 0.803 0.811 0.818 0.826 0.834 0.841 0.849 0.857 0.865 0.872
130 0.872 0.880 0.888 0.896 0.903 0.911 0.919 0.927 0.935 0.942 0.950
140 0.950 0.958 0.966 0.974 0.982 0.990 0.998 1.006 1.013 1.021 1.029
150 1.029 1.037 1.045 1.053 1.061 1.069 1.077 1.085 1.094 1.102 1.110
160 1.110 1.118 1.126 1.134 1.142 1.150 1.158 1.167 1.175 1.183 1.191
170 1.191 1.199 1.207 1.216 1.224 1.232 1.240 1.249 1.257 1.265 1.273
180 1.273 1.282 1.290 1.298 1.307 1.315 1.323 1.332 1.340 1.348 1.357
190 1.357 1.365 1.373 1.382 1.390 1.399 1.407 1.415 1.424 1.432 1.441
200 1.441 1.449 1.458 1.466 1.475 1.483 1.492 1.500 1.509 1.517 1.526
210 1.526 1.534 1.543 1.551 1.560 1.569 1.577 1.586 1.594 1.603 1.612
220 1.612 1.620 1.629 1.638 1.646 1.655 1.663 1.672 1.681 1.690 1.698
230 1.698 1.707 1.716 1.724 1.733 1.742 1.751 1.759 1.768 1.777 1.786
240 1.786 1.794 1.803 1.812 1.821 1.829 1.838 1.847 1.856 1.865 1.874
250 1.874 1.882 1.891 1.900 1.909 1.918 1.927 1.936 1.944 1.953 1.962
260 1.962 1.971 1.980 1.989 1.998 2.007 2.016 2.025 2.034 2.043 2.052
270 2.052 2.061 2.070 2.078 2.087 2.096 2.105 2.114 2.123 2.132 2.141
280 2.141 2.151 2.160 2.169 2.178 2.187 2.196 2.205 2.214 2.223 2.232
290 2.232 2.241 2.250 2.259 2.268 2.277 2.287 2.296 2.305 2.314 2.323
300 2.323 2.332 2.341 2.350 2.360 2.369 2.378 2.387 2.396 2.405 2.415
310 2.415 2.424 2.433 2.442 2.451 2.461 2.470 2.479 2.488 2.497 2.507
320 2.507 2.516 2.525 2.534 2.544 2.553 2.562 2.571 2.581 2.590 2.599
330 2.599 2.609 2.618 2.627 2.636 2.646 2.655 2.664 2.674 2.683 2.692
340 2.692 2.702 2.711 2.720 2.730 2.739 2.748 2.758 2.767 2.776 2.786
350 2.786 2.795 2.805 2.814 2.823 2.833 2.842 2.851 2.861 2.870 2.880
360 2.880 2.889 2.899 2.908 2.917 2.927 2.936 2.946 2.955 2.965 2.974
370 2.974 2.983 2.993 3.002 3.012 3.021 3.031 3.040 3.050 3.059 3.069
380 3.069 3.078 3.088 3.097 3.107 3.116 3.126 3.135 3.145 3.154 3.164
390 3.164 3.173 3.183 3.192 3.202 3.212 3.221 3.231 3.240 3.250 3.259
400 3.259 3.269 3.279 3.288 3.298 3.307 3.317 3.326 3.336 3.346 3.355
410 3.355 3.365 3.374 3.384 3.394 3.403 3.413 3.423 3.432 3.442 3.451
420 3.451 3.461 3.471 3.480 3.490 3.500 3.509 3.519 3.529 3.538 3.548
430 3.548 3.558 3.567 3.577 3.587 3.596 3.606 3.616 3.626 3.635 3.645
440 3.645 3.655 3.664 3.674 3.684 3.694 3.703 3.713 3.723 3.732 3.742
450 3.742 3.752 3.762 3.771 3.781 3.791 3.801 3.810 3.820 3.830 3.840
460 3.840 3.850 3.859 3.869 3.879 3.889 3.898 3.908 3.918 3.928 3.938
470 3.938 3.947 3.957 3.967 3.977 3.987 3.997 4.006 4.016 4.026 4.036
480 4.036 4.046 4.056 4.065 4.075 4.085 4.095 4.105 4.115 4.125 4.134
490 4.134 4.144 4.154 4.164 4.174 4.184 4.194 4.204 4.213 4.223 4.233
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ITS-90 Table for type S thermocouple
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thermoelectric Voltage in mV
500 4.233 4.243 4.253 4.263 4.273 4.283 4.293 4.303 4.313 4.323 4.332
510 4.332 4.342 4.352 4.362 4.372 4.382 4.392 4.402 4.412 4.422 4.432
520 4.432 4.442 4.452 4.462 4.472 4.482 4.492 4.502 4.512 4.522 4.532
530 4.532 4.542 4.552 4.562 4.572 4.582 4.592 4.602 4.612 4.622 4.632
540 4.632 4.642 4.652 4.662 4.672 4.682 4.692 4.702 4.712 4.722 4.732
550 4.732 4.742 4.752 4.762 4.772 4.782 4.793 4.803 4.813 4.823 4.833
560 4.833 4.843 4.853 4.863 4.873 4.883 4.893 4.904 4.914 4.924 4.934
570 4.934 4.944 4.954 4.964 4.974 4.984 4.995 5.005 5.015 5.025 5.035
580 5.035 5.045 5.055 5.066 5.076 5.086 5.096 5.106 5.116 5.127 5.137
590 5.137 5.147 5.157 5.167 5.178 5.188 5.198 5.208 5.218 5.228 5.239
600 5.239 5.249 5.259 5.269 5.280 5.290 5.300 5.310 5.320 5.331 5.341
610 5.341 5.351 5.361 5.372 5.382 5.392 5.402 5.413 5.423 5.433 5.443
620 5.443 5.454 5.464 5.474 5.485 5.495 5.505 5.515 5.526 5.536 5.546
630 5.546 5.557 5.567 5.577 5.588 5.598 5.608 5.618 5.629 5.639 5.649
640 5.649 5.660 5.670 5.680 5.691 5.701 5.712 5.722 5.732 5.743 5.753
650 5.753 5.763 5.774 5.784 5.794 5.805 5.815 5.826 5.836 5.846 5.857
660 5.857 5.867 5.878 5.888 5.898 5.909 5.919 5.930 5.940 5.950 5.961
670 5.961 5.971 5.982 5.992 6.003 6.013 6.024 6.034 6.044 6.055 6.065
680 6.065 6.076 6.086 6.097 6.107 6.118 6.128 6.139 6.149 6.160 6.170
690 6.170 6.181 6.191 6.202 6.212 6.223 6.233 6.244 6.254 6.265 6.275
700 6.275 6.286 6.296 6.307 6.317 6.328 6.338 6.349 6.360 6.370 6.381
710 6.381 6.391 6.402 6.412 6.423 6.434 6.444 6.455 6.465 6.476 6.486
720 6.486 6.497 6.508 6.518 6.529 6.539 6.550 6.561 6.571 6.582 6.593
730 6.593 6.603 6.614 6.624 6.635 6.646 6.656 6.667 6.678 6.688 6.699
740 6.699 6.710 6.720 6.731 6.742 6.752 6.763 6.774 6.784 6.795 6.806
750 6.806 6.817 6.827 6.838 6.849 6.859 6.870 6.881 6.892 6.902 6.913
760 6.913 6.924 6.934 6.945 6.956 6.967 6.977 6.988 6.999 7.010 7.020
770 7.020 7.031 7.042 7.053 7.064 7.074 7.085 7.096 7.107 7.117 7.128
780 7.128 7.139 7.150 7.161 7.172 7.182 7.193 7.204 7.215 7.226 7.236
790 7.236 7.247 7.258 7.269 7.280 7.291 7.302 7.312 7.323 7.334 7.345
800 7.345 7.356 7.367 7.378 7.388 7.399 7.410 7.421 7.432 7.443 7.454
810 7.454 7.465 7.476 7.487 7.497 7.508 7.519 7.530 7.541 7.552 7.563
820 7.563 7.574 7.585 7.596 7.607 7.618 7.629 7.640 7.651 7.662 7.673
830 7.673 7.684 7.695 7.706 7.717 7.728 7.739 7.750 7.761 7.772 7.783
840 7.783 7.794 7.805 7.816 7.827 7.838 7.849 7.860 7.871 7.882 7.893
850 7.893 7.904 7.915 7.926 7.937 7.948 7.959 7.970 7.981 7.992 8.003
860 8.003 8.014 8.026 8.037 8.048 8.059 8.070 8.081 8.092 8.103 8.114
870 8.114 8.125 8.137 8.148 8.159 8.170 8.181 8.192 8.203 8.214 8.226
880 8.226 8.237 8.248 8.259 8.270 8.281 8.293 8.304 8.315 8.326 8.337
890 8.337 8.348 8.360 8.371 8.382 8.393 8.404 8.416 8.427 8.438 8.449
900 8.449 8.460 8.472 8.483 8.494 8.505 8.517 8.528 8.539 8.550 8.562
910 8.562 8.573 8.584 8.595 8.607 8.618 8.629 8.640 8.652 8.663 8.674
920 8.674 8.685 8.697 8.708 8.719 8.731 8.742 8.753 8.765 8.776 8.787
930 8.787 8.798 8.810 8.821 8.832 8.844 8.855 8.866 8.878 8.889 8.900
940 8.900 8.912 8.923 8.935 8.946 8.957 8.969 8.980 8.991 9.003 9.014
950 9.014 9.025 9.037 9.048 9.060 9.071 9.082 9.094 9.105 9.117 9.128
960 9.128 9.139 9.151 9.162 9.174 9.185 9.197 9.208 9.219 9.231 9.242
970 9.242 9.254 9.265 9.277 9.288 9.300 9.311 9.323 9.334 9.345 9.357
980 9.357 9.368 9.380 9.391 9.403 9.414 9.426 9.437 9.449 9.460 9.472
990 9.472 9.483 9.495 9.506 9.518 9.529 9.541 9.552 9.564 9.576 9.587
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ITS-90 Table for type S thermocouple
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thermoelectric Voltage in mV
1000 9.587 9.599 9.610 9.622 9.633 9.645 9.656 9.668 9.680 9.691 9.703
1010 9.703 9.714 9.726 9.737 9.749 9.761 9.772 9.784 9.795 9.807 9.819
1020 9.819 9.830 9.842 9.853 9.865 9.877 9.888 9.900 9.911 9.923 9.935
1030 9.935 9.946 9.958 9.970 9.981 9.993 10.005 10.016 10.028 10.040 10.051
1040 10.051 10.063 10.075 10.086 10.098 10.110 10.121 10.133 10.145 10.156 10.168
1050 10.168 10.180 10.191 10.203 10.215 10.227 10.238 10.250 10.262 10.273 10.285
1060 10.285 10.297 10.309 10.320 10.332 10.344 10.356 10.367 10.379 10.391 10.403
1070 10.403 10.414 10.426 10.438 10.450 10.461 10.473 10.485 10.497 10.509 10.520
1080 10.520 10.532 10.544 10.556 10.567 10.579 10.591 10.603 10.615 10.626 10.638
1090 10.638 10.650 10.662 10.674 10.686 10.697 10.709 10.721 10.733 10.745 10.757
1100 10.757 10.768 10.780 10.792 10.804 10.816 10.828 10.839 10.851 10.863 10.875
1110 10.875 10.887 10.899 10.911 10.922 10.934 10.946 10.958 10.970 10.982 10.994
1120 10.994 11.006 11.017 11.029 11.041 11.053 11.065 11.077 11.089 11.101 11.113
1130 11.113 11.125 11.136 11.148 11.160 11.172 11.184 11.196 11.208 11.220 11.232
1140 11.232 11.244 11.256 11.268 11.280 11.291 11.303 11.315 11.327 11.339 11.351
1150 11.351 11.363 11.375 11.387 11.399 11.411 11.423 11.435 11.447 11.459 11.471
1160 11.471 11.483 11.495 11.507 11.519 11.531 11.542 11.554 11.566 11.578 11.590
1170 11.590 11.602 11.614 11.626 11.638 11.650 11.662 11.674 11.686 11.698 11.710
1180 11.710 11.722 11.734 11.746 11.758 11.770 11.782 11.794 11.806 11.818 11.830
1190 11.830 11.842 11.854 11.866 11.878 11.890 11.902 11.914 11.926 11.939 11.951
1200 11.951 11.963 11.975 11.987 11.999 12.011 12.023 12.035 12.047 12.059 12.071
1210 12.071 12.083 12.095 12.107 12.119 12.131 12.143 12.155 12.167 12.179 12.191
1220 12.191 12.203 12.216 12.228 12.240 12.252 12.264 12.276 12.288 12.300 12.312
1230 12.312 12.324 12.336 12.348 12.360 12.372 12.384 12.397 12.409 12.421 12.433
1240 12.433 12.445 12.457 12.469 12.481 12.493 12.505 12.517 12.529 12.542 12.554
1250 12.554 12.566 12.578 12.590 12.602 12.614 12.626 12.638 12.650 12.662 12.675
1260 12.675 12.687 12.699 12.711 12.723 12.735 12.747 12.759 12.771 12.783 12.796
1270 12.796 12.808 12.820 12.832 12.844 12.856 12.868 12.880 12.892 12.905 12.917
1280 12.917 12.929 12.941 12.953 12.965 12.977 12.989 13.001 13.014 13.026 13.038
1290 13.038 13.050 13.062 13.074 13.086 13.098 13.111 13.123 13.135 13.147 13.159
1300 13.159 13.171 13.183 13.195 13.208 13.220 13.232 13.244 13.256 13.268 13.280
1310 13.280 13.292 13.305 13.317 13.329 13.341 13.353 13.365 13.377 13.390 13.402
1320 13.402 13.414 13.426 13.438 13.450 13.462 13.474 13.487 13.499 13.511 13.523
1330 13.523 13.535 13.547 13.559 13.572 13.584 13.596 13.608 13.620 13.632 13.644
1340 13.644 13.657 13.669 13.681 13.693 13.705 13.717 13.729 13.742 13.754 13.766
1350 13.766 13.778 13.790 13.802 13.814 13.826 13.839 13.851 13.863 13.875 13.887
1360 13.887 13.899 13.911 13.924 13.936 13.948 13.960 13.972 13.984 13.996 14.009
1370 14.009 14.021 14.033 14.045 14.057 14.069 14.081 14.094 14.106 14.118 14.130
1380 14.130 14.142 14.154 14.166 14.178 14.191 14.203 14.215 14.227 14.239 14.251
1390 14.251 14.263 14.276 14.288 14.300 14.312 14.324 14.336 14.348 14.360 14.373
1400 14.373 14.385 14.397 14.409 14.421 14.433 14.445 14.457 14.470 14.482 14.494
1410 14.494 14.506 14.518 14.530 14.542 14.554 14.567 14.579 14.591 14.603 14.615
1420 14.615 14.627 14.639 14.651 14.664 14.676 14.688 14.700 14.712 14.724 14.736
1430 14.736 14.748 14.760 14.773 14.785 14.797 14.809 14.821 14.833 14.845 14.857
1440 14.857 14.869 14.881 14.894 14.906 14.918 14.930 14.942 14.954 14.966 14.978
1450 14.978 14.990 15.002 15.015 15.027 15.039 15.051 15.063 15.075 15.087 15.099
1460 15.099 15.111 15.123 15.135 15.148 15.160 15.172 15.184 15.196 15.208 15.220
1470 15.220 15.232 15.244 15.256 15.268 15.280 15.292 15.304 15.317 15.329 15.341
1480 15.341 15.353 15.365 15.377 15.389 15.401 15.413 15.425 15.437 15.449 15.461
1490 15.461 15.473 15.485 15.497 15.509 15.521 15.534 15.546 15.558 15.570 15.582
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ITS-90 Table for type S thermocouple
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thermoelectric Voltage in mV
1500 15.582 15.594 15.606 15.618 15.630 15.642 15.654 15.666 15.678 15.690 15.702
1510 15.702 15.714 15.726 15.738 15.750 15.762 15.774 15.786 15.798 15.810 15.822
1520 15.822 15.834 15.846 15.858 15.870 15.882 15.894 15.906 15.918 15.930 15.942
1530 15.942 15.954 15.966 15.978 15.990 16.002 16.014 16.026 16.038 16.050 16.062
1540 16.062 16.074 16.086 16.098 16.110 16.122 16.134 16.146 16.158 16.170 16.182
1550 16.182 16.194 16.205 16.217 16.229 16.241 16.253 16.265 16.277 16.289 16.301
1560 16.301 16.313 16.325 16.337 16.349 16.361 16.373 16.385 16.396 16.408 16.420
1570 16.420 16.432 16.444 16.456 16.468 16.480 16.492 16.504 16.516 16.527 16.539
1580 16.539 16.551 16.563 16.575 16.587 16.599 16.611 16.623 16.634 16.646 16.658
1590 16.658 16.670 16.682 16.694 16.706 16.718 16.729 16.741 16.753 16.765 16.777
1600 16.777 16.789 16.801 16.812 16.824 16.836 16.848 16.860 16.872 16.883 16.895
1610 16.895 16.907 16.919 16.931 16.943 16.954 16.966 16.978 16.990 17.002 17.013
1620 17.013 17.025 17.037 17.049 17.061 17.072 17.084 17.096 17.108 17.120 17.131
1630 17.131 17.143 17.155 17.167 17.178 17.190 17.202 17.214 17.225 17.237 17.249
1640 17.249 17.261 17.272 17.284 17.296 17.308 17.319 17.331 17.343 17.355 17.366
1650 17.366 17.378 17.390 17.401 17.413 17.425 17.437 17.448 17.460 17.472 17.483
1660 17.483 17.495 17.507 17.518 17.530 17.542 17.553 17.565 17.577 17.588 17.600
1670 17.600 17.612 17.623 17.635 17.647 17.658 17.670 17.682 17.693 17.705 17.717
1680 17.717 17.728 17.740 17.751 17.763 17.775 17.786 17.798 17.809 17.821 17.832
1690 17.832 17.844 17.855 17.867 17.878 17.890 17.901 17.913 17.924 17.936 17.947
1700 17.947 17.959 17.970 17.982 17.993 18.004 18.016 18.027 18.039 18.050 18.061
1710 18.061 18.073 18.084 18.095 18.107 18.118 18.129 18.140 18.152 18.163 18.174
1720 18.174 18.185 18.196 18.208 18.219 18.230 18.241 18.252 18.263 18.274 18.285
1730 18.285 18.297 18.308 18.319 18.330 18.341 18.352 18.362 18.373 18.384 18.395
1740 18.395 18.406 18.417 18.428 18.439 18.449 18.460 18.471 18.482 18.493 18.503
1750 18.503 18.514 18.525 18.535 18.546 18.557 18.567 18.578 18.588 18.599 18.609
1760 18.609 18.620 18.630 18.641 18.651 18.661 18.672 18.682 18.693
°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
This section contains coefficients for type S thermocouples for
the two sub ranges of temperature listed below. The coefficients
are in units of °C and mV and are listed in the order of constant
term up to the highest order. The equation is of the form
E = sum(i=0 to n) c_i t^i.
Temperature Range (°C)
-50.000 to 1064.180
1064.180 to 1664.500
1664.500 to 1768.100
name: reference function on ITS-90
type: S
temperature units: °C
emf units: mV
range: -50.000, 1064.180, 8
0.000000000000E+00
0.540313308631E-02
0.125934289740E-04
-0.232477968689E-07
0.322028823036E-10
-0.331465196389E-13
0.255744251786E-16
-0.125068871393E-19
0.271443176145E-23
range: 1064.180, 1664.500, 4
0.132900444085E+01
0.334509311344E-02
0.654805192818E-05
-0.164856259209E-08
0.129989605174E-13
range: 1664.500, 1768.100, 4
0.146628232636E+03
-0.258430516752E+00
0.163693574641E-03
-0.330439046987E-07
-0.943223690612E-14
This section contains coefficients of approximate inverse
functions for type S thermocouples for the sub ranges of
temperature and voltage listed below. The range of errors of
the approximate inverse function for each sub range is also given.
The coefficients are in units of °C and mV and are listed in
the order of constant term up to the highest order.
The equation is of the form t_90 = d_0 + d_1*E + d_2*E^2 + ...
+ d_n*E^n,
where E is in mV and t_90 is in °C.
Temperature Voltage Error
range range range
(°C) (mV) (° C)
-50. to 250. -0.235 to 1.874 -0.02 to 0.02
250. to 1200. 1.874 to 11.950 -0.01 to 0.01
1064. to 1664.5 10.332 to 17.536 -0.0002 to 0.0002
1664.5 to 1768.1 17.536 to 18.693 -0.002 to 0.002
Inverse coefficients for type S:
Temperature -50. 250. 1064. 1664.5
Range: 250. 1200. 1664.5 1768.1
Voltage -0.235 1.874 10.332 17.536
Range: 1.874 11.950 17.536 18.693
0.00000000E+00 1.291507177E+01 -8.087801117E+01 5.333875126E+04
1.84949460E+02 1.466298863E+02 1.621573104E+02 -1.235892298E+04
-8.00504062E+01 -1.534713402E+01 -8.536869453E+00 1.092657613E+03
1.02237430E+02 3.145945973E+00 4.719686976E-01 -4.265693686E+01
-1.52248592E+02 -4.163257839E-01 -1.441693666E-02 6.247205420E-01
1.88821343E+02 3.187963771E-02 2.081618890E-04 0.000000000E+00
-1.59085941E+02 -1.291637500E-03 0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00
8.23027880E+01 2.183475087E-05 0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00
-2.34181944E+01 -1.447379511E-07 0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00
2.79786260E+00 8.211272125E-09 0.000000000E+00 0.000000000E+00
Error -0.02 -0.01 -0.0002 -0.002
Range: 0.02 0.01 0.0002 0.002
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